By Polly E. Parsons, MD, Professor Department of Medicine; Director, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Unit, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Fletcher Allen Health Care, Burlington, VT; and Jeanine P. Wiener-Kronish, MD, Professor of Anesthesia and Medicine, Vice-Chairman, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, Investigator, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA |