A portable handbook that provides a simple guide to the management of poisonings and envenoming specific to the Australian, New Zealand and South Pacific regions. A didactic guide to the appropriate prinicples in approach, assessment and management of poinsoned patients at point of care.

• Locally relevant information on bites stings and envenomation; first of its type.
• Paediatric and pregnant considerations
• Includes nursing considerations
• Clinical practical focus
• Written by physicians actively involved in managing patients with acute and common poisonings. Developed in close consultation with end users
• Handbook style

Chapter 1: Approach to the poisoned patient
1.1 Approach to the 'Poisoned Patient'
1.2 Resuscitation
1.3 Risk Assessment
1.4 Supportive Care and Monitoring
1.5 Investigations
1.6 Gastrointestinal Decontamination
1.7 Enhanced Elimination
1.8 Antidotes
1.9 Disposition

Chapter 2: Specific considerations
2.1 Approach to Coma
2.2 Approach to Hypotension
2.3 Approach to Seizures
2.4 Agitated Delirium
2.5 Serotonin Syndrome
2.6 Anticholinergic Syndrome
2.7 Cholinergic Syndrome
2.8 Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
2.9 Alcohol Abuse, Dependence and Withdrawal
2.10 Sedative-Hypnotic Withdrawal
2.11 Opioid Withdrawal
2.12 Body Packers and Stuffers
2.13 Principles of Snakebite Management in Australia
2.14 Osmolality and Osmolar Gap
2.15 Approach to Acid-Base Problems
2.16 The 12-lead ECG in Toxicology
2.17 Pregnancy and Lactation
2.18 Paediatric Considerations
2.19 Poisoning in the Elderly

Chapter 3: Toxic drugs
3.1 Alcohol: Ethanol
3.2 Alcohol: Ethylene glycol
3.3 Alcohol: Isopropylalcohol
3.4 Alcohol: Methanol
3.5 Alcohols: Other Toxic Alcohols
3.6 Amiodarone
3.7 Amisulpride
3.8 Amphetamines
3.9 Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors
3.10 Anticoagulant Rodenticides
3.11 Antihistamines: Non-Sedating
3.12 Antihistamines: Sedating
3.13 Arsenic
3.14 Beta-Blockers
3.15 Baclofen
3.16 Benzodiazepines
3.17 Benztropine
3.18 Bupropion
3.19 Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs)
3.20 Cannabinoids (Marijuana)
3.21 Carbamazepine
3.22 Carbon Monoxide
3.23 Chloroquine
3.24 Clonidine
3.25 Clozapine
3.26 Cocaine
3.27 Colchicine
3.28 Corrosives
3.29 Cyanide
3.30 Digoxin: Acute Overdose
3.31 Digoxin: Chronic Poisoning
3.32 Diphenoxylate - Atropine
3.33 Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)
3.34 Glyphosate
3.35 Hydrocarbons
3.36 Hydrofluoric Acid
3.37 Insulin
3.38 Iron
3.39 Isoniazid
3.40 Lead
3.41 Lithium: Acute Overdose
3.42 Lithium Chronic Toxicity
3.43 Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) Inhibitors
3.44 Mercury
3.45 Metformin
3.46 Methotrexate
3.47 Mirtazapine
3.48 Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
3.49 Olanzapine
3.50 Opioids
3.51 Organochlorines
3.52 Organophosphorous Agents
3.53 Paracetamol: Acute Overdose
3.54 Paracetamol: Repeated Supratherapeutic Ingestion
3.55 Paraquat
3.56 Phenothiazines and Butyrophenones
3.57 Phenytoin
3.58 Potassium Chloride
3.59 Quetiapine
3.60 Risperidone
3.61 Salicylates
3.62 Selective Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
3.63 Strychnine
3.64 Sulphonylureas
3.65 Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
3.66 Theophylline
3.67 Thyroxine
3.68 Valproic acid (Sodium Valproate)
3.69 Venlafaxine
3.70 Warfarin

Chapter 4: Antidotes
4.1 Atropine
4.2 Calcium
4.3 Cyproheptadine
4.4 Desferrioxamine
4.5 Dicobalt Edetate
4.6 Digoxin Immune Fab
4.7 Dimercaprol (British Antilewisite)
4.8 Ethanol
4.9 Flumazenil
4.10 Folinic acid
4.11 Fomepizole
4.12 Glucagon
4.13 Glucose
4.14 Hydroxocobalamin
4.15 Insulin-Dextrose Euglycaemia
4.16 Methylene Blue
4.17 N-Acetylcysteine
4.18 Naloxone
4.19 Octreotide
4.20 Penicillamine
4.21 Physostigmine
4.22 Pralidoxime
4.23 Pyridoxine
4.24 Sodium Bicarbonate
4.25 Sodium Calcium Edetate (EDTA)
4.26 Sodium Thiosulfate
4.27 Succimer
4.28 Vitamin K

Chapter 5: Envenomings
5.1 Snake: Black
5.2 Snake: Brown
5.3 Snake: Death Adder
5.4 Snake: Tiger
5.5 Snake: Taipan
5.6 Snake: Sea Snakes
5.7 Australian Scorpions
5.8 Marine Envenoming: Bluebottle Jellyfish
5.9 Marine Envenoming: Stonefish
5.10 Marine Envenoming: Box Jellyfish
5.11 Marine Envenoming: Irukandji Syndrome
5.12 Marine Envenoming: Blue-Ringed Octopus
5.13 Spider: Redback
5.14 Spider: Funnel-Web (Big Black)
5.15 Spider: White-Tailed

Chapter 6: Antivenom
6.1 CSL Black Snake Monovalent Antivenom
6.2 CSL Brown Snake Monovalent Antivenom
6.3 CSL Death Adder Monovalent Antivenom Snake
6.4 CSL Tiger Snake Monovalent Antivenom Snake
6.5 CSL Taipan Snake Monovalent Antivenom Snake
6.6 CSL Sea Snake Antivenom
6.7 CSL Polyvalent Snake Antivenom
6.8 CSL Stonefish Antivenom
6.9 CSL Box Jellyfish Antivenom
6.10 CSL Redback Spider Antivenom
6.11 CSL Funnel-Web Spider Antivenom

Appendices
Appendix 1: PIC Numbers and Other Countries
Appendix 2: Example ECGs (1 page per ECG)
Appendix 3: Drug Concentrations and Conversion Charts
Appendix 4: Alcohol Pathways
Appendix 5: Nomograms
- Methotrexate
- Paracetamol
- Paraquat
Appendix 6: Therapeutic Over-warfarinisation
Appendix 7: Management of Allergic Reactions to Antivenoms

By Lindsay Murray, MBBS, FACEM, Consultant, Emergency Physician and Clinical Toxicologist, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth; Senior Lecturer in Emergency Medicine, University of Western Australia; Medical Director, WA Poisons Information Centre; Consultant Clinical Toxicologist, NSW Poisons Information Centre, Australia; Frank Daly, MBBS, FACEM, Director of Emergency Department and Consultant Clinical Toxicologist, Royal Perth Hospital; Clinical Senior Lecturer in Emergency Medicine, University of Western Australia; Consultant Clinical Toxicologist, WA and NSW Poisons Information Centres, Australia; Mark Little, MBBS, DTM&H (Lond), FACEM, MPH&T, Consultant Emergency Physician and Clinical Toxicologist, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Perth; Clinical Senior Lecturer in Emergency Medicine, University of Western Australia; Consultant Clinical Toxicologist, WA and NSW Poisons Information Centres, Australia; and Mike Cadogan, MA (Oxon), MBChB, FACEM, Consultant Emergency Physician, Sir Charles Gairdner Emergency Department, Clinical Senior Lecturer in Emergency Medicine, University of Western Australia, Australia