Chapter 1 The History and Scope of Epidemiology
* Epidemiology Defined
* Foundations of Epidemiology
* Historical Antecedents of Epidemiology
* Recent Applications of Epidemiology
Chapter 2 Practical Applications of Epidemiology
* Applications for the Assessment of the Health Status
of Populations and Delivery of Health Services
* Applications Relevant to Disease Etiology
* Appendix 2: Data for Study Question 5
Chapter 3 Measures of Morbidity and Mortality Used in
Epidemiology
* Definitions of Count, Ratio, Proportion, and
Rate
* Risk Versus Rate
* Interrelationship Between Prevalence and
Incidence
* Applications of Incidence Data
* Crude Rates
* Specific Rates
* Adjusted Rates
* Appendix 3: Data for Study Questions 2 Through 4
Chapter 4 Descriptive Epidemiology: Person, Place,
Time
* Characteristics of Persons
* Characteristics of Place
* Characteristics of Time
* Appendix 4: Project: Descriptive Epidemiology of a
Selected Health Problem
Chapter 5 Sources of Data for Use in Epidemiology
* Criteria for the Quality and Utility of Epidemiologic
Data
* Computerized Bibliographic Databases
* Confidentiality, Sharing of Data, and Record
Linkage
* Statistics Derived from the Vital Registration
System
* Reportable Disease Statistics
* Screening Surveys
* Disease Registries
* Morbidity Surveys of the General Population
* Insurance Data
* Hospital Data
* Diseases Treated in Special Clinics and
Hospitals
* Data from Physicians’ Practices
* Absenteeism Data
* School Health Programs
* Morbidity in the Armed Forces: Data on Active
Personnel and Veterans
* Other Sources of Data Relevant to Epidemiologic
Studies
Chapter 6 Ecologic, Cross-Sectional, Case-Control Study
Designs
* Observational Versus Experimental Approaches in
Epidemiology
* Overview of Study Designs Used in Epidemiology
* Ecologic Studies
* Cross-Sectional Studies
* Case-Control Studies
Chapter 7 Cohort Study Designs
* Cohort Studies Defined
* Sampling and Cohort Formation Options
* Temporal Differences in Cohort Designs
* Practical Considerations
* Measures of Interpretation and Examples
* Nested Case-Control Studies
* Comparisons of Observational Designs
Chapter 8 Experimental Study Designs
* Hierarchy of Study Designs
* Intervention Studies
* Clinical Trials
* Community Trials
Chapter 9 Measures of Effect
* Absolute Effects
* Relative Effects
* Statistical Measures of Effect
* Evaluating Epidemiologic Associations
* Models of Causal Relationships
* Appendix 9: Cohort Study Data for Coffee Use and
Anxiety
Chapter 10 Data Interpretation Issues
* Validity of Study Designs
* Sources of Error in Epidemiologic Research
* Techniques to Reduce Bias
* Methods To Control Confounding
* Bias in Analysis and Publication
Chapter 11 Screening for Disease in the Community
* Screening for Disease
* Appropriate Situations for Screening Tests and
Programs
* Characteristics of a Good Screening Test
* Evaluation of Screening Tests
* Sources of Unreliability and Invalidity
* Measures of the Validity of Screening Tests
* Effects of Prevalence of Disease on Screening
* Test Results
* Relationship Between Sensitivity and Specificity
* Evaluation of Screening Programs
* Issues in the Classification of Morbidity and
Mortality
* Appendix 11: Data for Problem 6
Chapter 12 Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases
* Agents of Infectious Disease
* Characteristics of Infectious Disease Agents
* Host
* The Environment
* Means of Transmission-Directly or Indirectly from
Reservoir
* Measures of Disease Outbreaks
* Procedures Used in the Investigation of Infectious
Disease Outbreaks
* Epidemiologically Significant Infectious Diseases in
the Community
* Appendix 12: Data from a Foodborne Illness Outbreak
in a College Cafeteria
Chapter 13 Epidemiologic Aspects of Work and the
Environment
* Health Effects Associated with Environmental Hazards
* Study Designs used in Environmental Epidemiology
* Types of Agents
* Environmental Hazards Found in the Work Setting
* Noteworthy Community Environmental Health Hazards
Chapter 14 Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology
* Definitions and Distinctions: Molecular Versus
Genetic Epidemiology
* Epidemiologic Evidence for Genetic Factors
* Causes of Familial Aggregation
* Shared Family Environment and Familial Aggregation
* Gene Mapping: Segregation and Linkage Analysis
* Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS)
* Linkage Disequilibrium Revisited: Haplotypes
* Application of Genes in Epidemiologic Designs
* Genetics and Public Health
Chapter 15 Psychologic, Behavioral, and Social
Epidemiology
* Research Designs Used in Psychologic, Behavioral, and
Social Epidemiology
* Independent Variables
* Moderating Factors in the Stress-Illness
Relationship
* Outcome Variables: Physical Health, Mental Health,
Affective States
Chapter 16 Epidemiology as a Profession
* Specializations within Epidemiologyy
* Career Roles for Epidemiologists
* Epidemiology Associations and Journals
* Competencies Required of Epidemiologists
* Resources for Education and Employment
* Professional Ethics in Epidemiology
Appendix A—Guide to the Critical Appraisal of an
Epidemiologic/Public Health Research Article
Appendix B—Answers to Selected Study Questions
Index |